China has a long and rich cultural tradition, and it's essential for foreign visitors to understand some basic social etiquette when setting foot in this magical land. There are some differences between Chinese social customs and Western culture, but by mastering them you will be able to better integrate into local social circles and make a good impression. Hills will introduce you to some basic etiquette you need to know in Chinese social situations and how to be polite and presentable in different situations.
1. Greeting and addressing
In China, polite greetings and addresses are the beginning of social interactions, and more importance will be placed on respecting the status and position of others.
Shaking hands: In formal settings, shaking hands is a common form of greeting. Similar to the Western handshake, the handshake should be gentle but strong, but not too intense or too long. Maintain eye contact and smile while shaking hands.
Honorifics: In China, it is common to address people by their family name and add honorifics, such as “Mr. Wang” or “Ms. Li”. For strangers or people you don't know very well, it is important to show respect by using honorifics. Avoid using a person's name too soon, especially in business or formal situations.
Bowing: Although bowing is sometimes used in certain formal situations, especially when dealing with older people, it is not as common as shaking hands, and modern Chinese show more respect through words and smiles.
2. Gift-giving and gift-receiving
Selection of Gifts: In China, when giving gifts, you need to pay attention to the symbolism of the gift. For example, avoid giving clocks, umbrellas, etc., as their pronunciation symbolizes bad luck (“separation”) in Chinese culture. Choosing gifts that are auspicious or based on other people's preferences, such as tea, handicrafts, healthy food, etc., are usually more popular.
Accepting Gifts: When accepting a gift, it is usually important to show humility and gratitude, and try not to be too eager to open the gift. In traditional Chinese culture, opening a gift is usually done in private, especially on formal occasions, and it is a sign of respect to the giver to maintain some mystery and restraint.
3. Communicating with the Chinese
Chinese people have an indirect way of communicating, especially in formal situations or with unfamiliar people.
Avoid direct criticism: Chinese culture emphasizes respect, and it is normal to try to avoid openly criticizing or directly pointing out other people's mistakes when talking to Chinese people. This may cause embarrassment or loss of face, especially in public.
Pay attention to non-verbal communication: Chinese people place great importance on non-verbal expression, and body language, facial expressions, and tone of voice can convey a wealth of emotions. It is very important to maintain proper eye contact and smile. Unlike the blunt expressions of the West, Chinese people often tend to express themselves through subtle words or hints. (e.g. “Are we still going?” may mean “Otherwise, let's not go.”)
4.Dining etiquette
Chinese dining etiquette is all about courtesy and respect, and by following these simple dining etiquette, you'll have an easier time integrating into the Chinese dining culture and making a good impression.
Toasting and Persuading: In China, toasting is an important part of social dining. Usually, the host or elder will make a toast for the guests. When making a toast, stand up and raise your glass slightly to show respect. When you make a toast, you can politely decline, but don't look too stiff.
Chopsticks: Using chopsticks is the most common way to eat. When using chopsticks, do not stick them upright in the rice, as this is reminiscent of a ritual and is impolite. Do not point or wave your chopsticks around either.
Waiting for elders or the host to move the chopsticks first: In China, it is common to wait for elders or the host to move the chopsticks first when eating to show respect.
Sharing dishes: At Chinese family dinners, dishes are usually shared, with everyone taking food from the plate together. Use communal chopsticks or spoons to pick up dishes, and avoid using your own chopsticks directly to pick up communal dishes as a sign of hygiene and respect.
Chinese social etiquette is deeply rooted in traditional culture and reflects the importance of respect and courtesy towards others. While these etiquettes differ from Western practices, understanding and respecting Chinese social customs will help you interact more smoothly with locals during your travels in China.